大学新生错畸形状况及正畸意识的调查分析

Survey on malocclusion and orthodontic consciousness among freshmen

目的了解大学新生错畸形患病情况和分布特点,初步研究错畸形对大学新生心理的影响。方法采用临床检查和问卷调查的方法,对大连医科大学新生470名进行调查,由口腔医师按统一标准进行检查,所有参检学生填写矫治意识调查问卷,对数据进行分析。结果大学新生错畸形患病率为86.04%(男生84.00%,女生87.70%),男女患病率无统计学差异,各类畸形构成比由大到小依次为Ⅰ类、Ⅲ类、Ⅱ类。中线不齐、拥挤、深覆发病率高。82.88%之前没有做过正畸检查或咨询,但在正畸医生的建议下一半人表示会接受治疗。近半数人对正畸治疗费用、疼痛等情况的了解不多,但绝大多数人知道正畸治疗会影响美观。结论大学新生错畸形患病率较高,且患者治疗率极低,对畸形认识不足,广泛开展正畸宣教及治疗具有必要性和紧迫性。

Objective To understand the malocclusion prevalence and distribution characteristics among freshmen, and to carry out preliminary study on the impact of malocclusion on their mentality. Methods The clinical examination and questionnaire survey were adopted. 470 freshmen of Dalian Medical University were checked and investigated according to uniform standards by orthodontics,and all of them were to complete the questionnaire on orthodontic consciousness. The results and data were analyzed. Results The maloc- clusion prevalence among freshmen was 86.04% （male 84.00% , female 87.70% ） , and there was no statistically significant difference （P 〈 0, 05） between genders. The highest constituent ratio was that of the class I ,followed by class Ⅲ and then class Ⅱ. Midline ar- rhythmia,overcrowding,deep overbite were the most common clinical symptoms. The vast majority of the students have not done ortho- dontic examination or consultation before, but at the suggestion of the orthodontics doctor, more than half said they would accept treat- ment. Nearly half of people knew little about orthodontic treatment costs, pain and other conditions, but most people knew that orthodon- tic treatment would affect the appearance. Conclusions The malocclusion prevalence is high among freshmen,yet the treatment rate is extremely low and they have little knowledge about the orthodontics. It is quite necessary and urgent to extensively carry out the exten- sive orthodontic education and treatment.