杨氏土司与播州

Yang Clan Tusi and Bozhou

播州之称始于唐贞观十三年（639年），由郎州易名而来，属黔中道的经制州（正州）。大历五年（770年），泸州僚族（今仡佬族先民）首领罗荣占据播州，开始对播州这块土地实行世袭统治，播州成为唐代“羁靡州”之一。唐乾符三年（876年）．僚族杨氏先祖杨端自四川南部入播州，建立了杨氏在播州的统治，至明万历二十八年（1600年），世袭统治播州长达725年。元至元十五年（1278年），杨邦宪降元，置播州安抚司，开启了播州的土司统治。至元十八年（1281年）升宣慰使。明洪武五年（1572年）杨铿降明，受宣慰使职，播州宣慰司归四川布政使司管辖。明万历二十三年（1595年）前后，杨应龙为对抗朝廷，大规模重修海龙屯。海龙屯在13世纪成为四川（明代早期属贵州）地区播州宣慰司杨氏土司专用的山地防御城堡，与播州宣慰司治所穆家川土司城配合使用，是战争时期播州土司的行政中心，于I596～1600年集中重建。播州宣慰司辖川、黔、湖广交界要地，势力强大，属民以仡佬族、苗族为主。明万历二十八年（1600年），明军发动“平播之役”，海龙屯毁于战火。万历二十九年（1601年），播州土司改土归流，播州一分为二，设遵义军民府属四川，平越府属贵州。

The name of the prefecture "Bozhou" was first used in the 13 th year of Zhenguan period(639) of Tang Dynasty.In the fifth year of Dali period(770),Luo Rong,the chieftain of Liao ethnic minority(ancestry of present day Gelao ethnic minority) took control of Bozhou and reined Bozhou region with hereditary chieftain system.Under this circumstance,Bozhou became one of the "Jimi Prefectures"(loosely reigned prefecture) of Tang Dynasty.In the third year of Qianfu period(876) of Tang Dynasty,Yang Duan,an ancestor of Yang Clan of the Liao ethnic minority entered Bozhou from the south of Sichuan,and established the hereditary rein of Yang Clan in Bozhou,which lasted for 725 years until the 28 th year of Wanli period(1600) of Ming Dynasty.In the fourteenth year of Zhiyuan period(1276) of Yuan Dynasty,the Bozhou Anfu Si was established after Yang Bangxian submitted to Yuan Dynasty,and the ruling of Bozhou Tusi started.In the 28 th year of Zhiyuan period(1281),he was promoted to Bozhou Xuanwei Shi.In the 24 th year of Wanli period(1596),for varies reasons,Yang Yinglong began to rebel against the central government and built extensions to the hilltop fortress as the military defence against the central government.In the 28 th year of Wanli period(1600),Ming troops quelled Bozhou.Bozhou was divided into two parts,Zunyi Fu of belonging to Sichuan,and Pingyue Fu belonging to Guizhou.