家庭农场:主导中国现代农业的新型市场主体

Family Farms: The Dominant Market Player of Modern Chinese Agriculture

中国资源禀赋特点、社会经济发展水平和体制结构是农业经营组织方式创新的现实基础。家庭农场与中国的人地关系相匹配,与工业化、城镇化、农民市民化的进程相适应,与现有农地制度相衔接,作为主导中国现代农业的新型市场主体契合国情;家庭农场有利于确保人口大国的粮食安全,有利于保障农民的利益,有利于保持农村社会的稳定,是实现中国现代农业和新农村建设目标的基石;家庭农场兼具家庭经营和企业经营的双重优势,能够实现劳动生产率和土地产出率的最大化,有利于实现农业经济发展与农村社会风险控制的相对平衡,是基于资源约束发展农业适度规模经营的现实选择。

The characteristics of Chinese resources, the development of the society and economy, and its institutional structure have laid the foundation to innovate the agricultural management organization. Family farms, suited to the man-land relation, the process of industrialization, urbanization and citizenization, and also linked with the existing land system, turns out to be a necessary choice for Chinese agricultural moderate-scale management under the resource constraints. Family farms based on the family management regard peasants as the raain body. Once expanded the scale, it will be conducive to safeguard food security and increasing peasants＇ income. More important is that it can avoid the severe polarization of rural stratum and contribute to China＇s social stability and steady economic transformation. Compared with the commercialized management of agriculture, family farms possess the advantages of both the family management and the enterprise operation to realize the maximization of the labor productivity artd land productivity, and also the relative balance between rural economic development and social risk control, so family farms will become the dominant market player of modem Chinese agriculture .