价值迷失与农村老人自杀——基于湖北京山J村的个案研究

Lost in value and suicide of elderly: Based on investigation in village J of Jingshan county, Hubei

农村老人自杀与结构转型、价值迷失有关,其诱因包括为子代着想、家庭矛盾、孤独无力、疾病困扰等。农村老人自杀的背后是农民价值系统的作用。农民价值可分为本体性价值、社会性价值、主体性价值。本体性价值是基础,社会性价值是重要补充,它们统一于伦理性的"过日子"实践中,共同受村庄文化网络规范。主体性价值是本体性价值、社会性价值丧失后的伴生物,与现代性进村密切相关。家庭生活伦理性的丧失、村庄生活规范性的弱化造成农村老人本体性价值的坍塌、社会性价值的丧失和主体性价值的被迫选择,使其价值安放出现混乱,自杀成为归宿。

The suicide of rural elderly is related with structure transformation and lost in value, which may be motivated by much concern towards their offspring, family conflicts, loneliness or diseases. The author divides famer＇s value system into three parts： ontological value, social value and subjectivity value. In this system, ontological value can be regarded as the basis and social value is an important supplement of it, which both are united under “living a peaceful life ” practice and regulated by village culture network; while subjectivity value comes after the loss of the former two values, and is closely related to modernization of village. Thus, the collapse of ontological value, the loss of social value and the forceful choice of subjectivity value may follow the loss of family ethics and weakening of village life norms, resulting the chaotic situation of value placing and suicide be the end.