纯铝板搅拌摩擦焊温度场数值模拟

Numerical Smulation of Temperature Field in Friction Stir Welding of Pure Aluminum

建立了搅拌摩擦焊热源模型,利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS模拟了搅拌摩擦焊的温度场,研究了焊接速度、搅拌头轴肩尺寸和垫板材质对搅拌摩擦焊接过程中试板的温度场的影响。结果表明:随着焊接速度的提高,焊件上各点的峰值温度降低,经历高温区的时间减少;轴肩摩擦热是热输入的主要来源,随着搅拌头轴肩尺寸的增加,焊缝中心高温区同一等温线上宽下窄的分布特征越来越明显;垫板材质明显影响焊件底部的温度和分布;适当的焊接参数、搅拌头尺寸及散热条件对获得较好的焊缝质量极为重要。

A heat source model of friction stir welding（ FSW） was established,the temperature field during friction stir welding was simulated using finite element analysis software ABAQUS. The effect of welding speed,shoulder diameter of stirring tool and backing plate material on the temperature fields of welded pieces were investigated. It is shown that the peak temperature on welding pieces and duration at high temperature are reduced with the increase of welding speed. The friction heat between shoulder and welding pieces is the main source of heat input. The high- temperature distribution appearance at weld center with wider upper and narrower bottom becomes gradually more and more obvious with the shoulder diameter of stirring tool increasing. The backing plate material has significant effects on the temperature fields of the welding pieces and the weld quality. It is shown that appropriate welding parameters,dimensions of stirring tool and thermolysis conditions are very important for better weld quality.