清初屈大均笔下的来粤西洋商船

Western Merchant Ships in Canton as Described by Qu Dajun during the Early Qing Dynasty

本文以屈大均《广东新语》卷18《舟语》"洋舶"条的记载为重点,对照牛津版《技术史》关于17世纪欧洲船舶的相关记载,论述明末清初(约17世纪)来粤的西洋商船。通过中西方史料的对比和互补,辅以西方相关绘画,重点分析这一时期来粤西洋商船的载货量、造船材料、桅杆、航海技术及船上生活,并就屈氏所意识到的海防危机略作评论。

Based on the record of western ships from New Comments on Guangdong Vol. 18, which was written by the famous scholar Qu Dajun, this article pays attention on the western merchant ships arrived Canton during 17th century. The author analyses cargo capacity, shipbuilding materials, mast, navigation technology and the life on the western merchant ships during this period by a comparative study of Chinese and foreign records and taking advantage of some valuable pictures of 17th century collected in western museums or archives. At last the author makes a brief common on the coast defence crises in Southeast China firstly called attention by Qu Dajun.