巴西科技创新的政策重点与管理趋势述评

Depiction and Evaluation on Brazil's Science,Technology and Innovation Policy( STI )and Its Management Trends

"金砖外交"正成为我国推进全球外交战略的品牌,我国与金砖国家的科技创新外交关系将进入全面、纵深发展阶段。巴西是南美大国,已快速崛起为全球第七大经济体,其科技创新取得明显成效。通过总结巴西科技创新的历史发展,研究了近年来巴西科技创新的政策重点,并对巴西科技创新管理的趋势与动向进行了分析述评。近10余年来,巴西推出多部立法,促进科技创新;持续颁布了国家层面的科技创新发展五年规划;推出工业研究计划和INOVACRED计划,有效推动企业创新。巴西强化科技创新管理,强调科技与产业深度融合,遴选能够拉动未来经济增长的重点技术领域给予巨额资助,重视科技计划和规划在科技管理中的引导和抓手作用。期望巴西的这些科技创新管理经验对我国具有一定借鉴意义。

BRICs will play an ever-more important role in China’s global strategy, hence the relations between BRICs and China will deeply develop in the near future. Based on Brazil’s achievements in science, technology and innovation （ STI ）, this paper summarizes the major strategies in Brazil’s STI policies, and analyzes the latest trends and developments of STI management in Brazilian Government. Within a decade, Brazil has released laws, regulations and nationwide ifve-year plans to promote STI, and launched Industrial Research Plan and INOVACRED Plan to encourage enterprise innovations as well. The reason why Brazil put emphasis on STI is to integrate STI and industries and to select key technology with huge investment and to put ST plan as a leverage and tool. The practices and experiences of Brazil in STI policies is expected to be valuable to the related policy making in China.