废弃稀土功能材料的综合回收利用

Comprehensive Recycling of the Abandoned Rare Earth Functional Materials

中国稀土储量居世界第一位,但随着稀土需求量的增加以及长期以来稀土资源掠夺式开采等因素的影响,我国稀土储量锐减。废弃稀土功能材料含有大量的稀土和其他有价金属元素,因此,对废弃稀土功能材料进行高效清洁利用是缓解我国稀土资源供需矛盾的重要途径。对稀土永磁材料、稀土储氢材料、稀土荧光粉材料等废弃稀土功能材料的综合利用工艺进行了综述,在比较不同工艺优缺点的基础上提出了一些解决现存问题的建议。

China possesses the most abundant rare earth resources of the world .In recent years,as the increase of consumption demand and the long -term predatory exploitation,the reserves of the rare earth rapidly declined .The abandoned rare earth functional materials contain large amounts rare earth metals and other valuable elements .Therefore ,the efficiently clean utilization of the aban-doned rare earth functional materials is an important way to ease the contradiction between the sup-ply and demand of the rare earth resources .In this paper,the comprehensive utilization process of the rare earth permanent magnet materials , the rare earth hydrogen storage materials and the rare earth phosphor materials were reviewed .Based on the comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the different processes , a number of advises to solve the existing problems were proposed .