通窍活血汤对血管性痴呆大鼠海马组织乙酰胆碱酯酶和胆碱乙酰转移酶含量的影响

Effect of Tongqiao Huoxue decoction on hippocampal contents of acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase in vascular dementia rats

目的:探究通窍活血汤(TQHXD)对血管性痴呆(VD)大鼠学习记忆的作用与给药时间、剂量的关系及其对海马组织中乙酰胆碱酯酶(Ach E)和胆碱乙酰转移酶(Ch AT)含量的影响。方法:将90只SD大鼠分为TQHXD高、中、低剂量组(12.04,6.02,3.01 g·kg-1)、阳性药尼麦角林(6 mg·kg-1)、模型组及假手术组。通过改良的双侧颈总动脉结扎法(2-VO)建立血管性痴呆大鼠模型,通过灌胃给予通窍活血汤12.04,6.02,3.01 g·kg-1及阳性药尼麦角林(6 mg·kg-1),每日1次,共31 d。采用Morris水迷宫实验对大鼠学习记忆能力进行检测,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)方法检测大鼠海马组织中Ach E和Ch AT的含量。结果:与模型组相比,给药14,21,28 d后,TQHXD 12.04,6.02,3.01 g·kg-1能显著减少VD大鼠逃避潜伏期(EL)和平台所在象限游动的距离,结果存在显著性差异(P<0.05或0.01),其结果与给药时间及剂量呈现较好的正相关;并能提高海马组织中Ch AT的含量和降低Ach E的含量(P<0.05或0.01)。结论:通窍活血汤能够改善血管性痴呆大鼠的学习、记忆能力并呈现一定的时间、剂量依赖性,Ach E的含量降低和Ch AT的含量升高可能是促进大鼠学习记忆能力恢复的原因之一。

Objective： To investigate the time-and dose-dependent effect of Tongqiao Huoxue decoction（ TQHXD） on memory and learning abilities in rats with vascular dementia（ VD）,and its effect on levels of acetylcholinesterase（ Ach E） and choline acetyltransferase（ Ch AT） in the hippocampus. Methods： Spague-Dawlay rats（ n = 90） were used. VD model was established by improved bilateral carotid artery ligation. Rats were treated with TQHXD（ 3. 01,6. 02 and 12. 04 g·kg^-1） or nicergoline（ 6 mg·kg^-1） for successive 31 days. Morris water maze was adopted to evaluate behavioral dysfunction of the VD rat. Levels of ACh E and Ch AT in the hippocampus were measured by ELISA. Results： Compared with VD control,TQHXD significantly reduced both escape latency and the distance of climbing on the platform 14,21 and 28 days after administration in VD rats（ P〈0. 05 or 0. 01）,which positively correlated with time and doses. Also,TQHXD enhanced the level of Ch AT but decreased the level of ACh E in the hippocampus（ P〈0. 05 or 0. 01）. Conclusion： TQHXD can improve memory and learning abili-ties of VD rats in time-and dose-dependent manners. The enhanced Ch AT level and reduced ACh E level might relate to the improvement of learning and memory ability of VD rats.