地震预警系统模拟测试方法比较研究

Comparison of Simulation Testing Methods for Earthquake Early Warning System

地震预警系统作为一种减轻地震灾害的有效手段,其必须具有两个性能:可靠性和时效性。可靠性要求有低的误报率、漏报率;而时效性要求系统的计算时间短、反应速度快。系统的可靠性和时效性需要反复测试。在特定区域,地震是小概率事件,对于5级以上的破坏性地震更是极其罕见,因此只有通过模拟地震的方式才能对地震预警系统进行有效的测试。目前还没有文献系统地介绍地震预警系统的模拟测试方法。本文提出了振动台模拟、信号发生板卡模拟和软件模拟三种测试方法,并对每种方法的优缺点进行了对比研究。研究表明,软件模拟的优点最多,唯一的缺点是不能测试系统的抗震能力。通过分析,本文建议首先在振动台上做少量几次大幅度地震波输入测试;之后使用软件模拟测试方法,将所有收集到的地震波序列和干扰波形输入地震预警系统,对其进行功能测试,以得到全面且经济的测试效果。

As a valid method to reduce earthquake disasters,Earthquake Early Warning System must be reliable and rapid.Reliability demands low false and missing alarm rate.And rapidity demands short computing time and fast reaction.Reliability and rapidity need to be tested repeatedly by simulating earthquakes.In some specific areas with low occurring probability and low magnitude of earthquakes,efficient testing methods are simulating earthquakes.Currently,there is no publications that systematically discuss simulation testing methods for earthquake early warning system.In this paper,we propose three methods to simulate earthquakes by using shake table,signal generating board and software.Based on the discussions in this paper,we conclude that testing method joints shake table and software is comprehensive and economical.