上海松江浦南地区设施菜地土壤盐分累积及变化特征

The soil salinity accumulation characteristics of protected vegetable culture in the Punan area of Songjiang Shanghai

研究了上海松江浦南地区典型设施菜地土壤养分现状和存在的主要问题。结果表明:设施菜地土壤中有机质、硝态氮、有效磷、速效钾含量逐年上升,各种养分不均衡;土壤pH随着种植年限增加呈现下降趋势,种植年限在5年以上设施菜地土壤出现酸化现象;耕层土壤出现次生盐渍化现象,盐分随着种植年限增加呈现递增趋势,在种植第3年达到最高峰;设施菜地中的盐分主要在耕层富集,存在向下运移的现象;该地区主要两种作物类型中,茄果类比叶菜类耕层土壤更容易富集盐分。

Soil nutrient status and existing main problems of typical greenhouse vegetable soil in Shanghai Songjiang Punan area were investigated.The results showed that the content of organic matter,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and soil potassium increased with each passing year,all kinds of nutrients were imbalance;The soil pH decreased with the increase of planting time,the acidified phenomenon of greenhouse vegetable soil was presented when planting time was above 5 years;Secondary salinization phenomenon of topsoil was presented,as shown that the salinity increased with the extending of planting time and the maximum salinity was reached in third planting year;The salinity of greenhouse vegetable soil accumulated in topsoil and would move downslope.In the two cropping types including solanaceous vegetable and leafy greens,the former＇s topsoil was much easier to accumulate salinity.