六朝陵墓装饰中瑞兽的嬗变与“晋制”的形成

The Evolution of the Auspicious Beasts in the Burial Decoration of the Six-Dynasties Period and the Formation of the “Jin System”

六朝陵墓地面与地下均有镇守性质的神兽雕刻或图像出现,其题材及风格与汉代墓葬之间既有渊源关系,更有新的文化因素。其中以狮子为代表的陵墓装饰中瑞兽系统的形成,与过去的"汉制"既有联系又有明显区别。这些变化体现出"晋制"形成的标志性特点,并对唐、宋墓葬制度产生了深远影响。

In the Six-Dynasties Period, the mausoleum system of China experienced the development and evolution from the ＂Hart System＂ to the ＂Jin System＂. On the ground and in the underground structures, the high-ranking burials of the Six-Dynasties Period all had sculptures or figures of mythical animals with guarding or quelling meanings, the motifs and styles of which had not only components inherited from that of the burials of the Han Dynasty, but also new-emerged cultural elements, especially the auspicious beast system represented by lions. This new auspicious beast system had relationship with the ＂Han System＂ in the past but had also clear differences. These changes reflected the symbolic features of the formation of the ＂Jin System＂ in another aspect and had far-reaching influences to the burial systems of the Tang and Song Dynasties.