“温柔敦厚”诗教观新论

A New Exploration on the Poetry Preaches of Being “Tender and Gentle”

"温柔敦厚"诗教观,与周代礼乐教化为核心的主流意识形态密切相关。周代的贵族教育着力培养君子之德,是"温柔敦厚"诗教观念产生的重要文化基础。此一诗教观念既是周代社会礼乐文明的客观反映,也与周人的诵谏传统有内在联系,而并非汉人有意改造的结果。《礼记·经解》所说的"《诗》之失愚……温柔敦厚而不愚,则深于《诗》者也",是"温柔敦厚"诗教观的重要组成部分,前贤对此重视不够,而且存在理解上的偏差,不可不明辨之。

The poetry preaches of being ＂tender and gentle＂is bound up with the mainstream ideology of Zhou dynasty,taking the education of rites and music as the core.The patrician education of Zhou dynasty aims at cultivating the moral of gentleman,which is an important cultural basis of the aforesaid poetry preaches.This kind of preaches objectively reflect the social civilization of Zhou dynasty,as well as the tradition inheriting of ＂reading ancient admonishment＂of Zhou dynasty,which has not been intentionally adapted during Han dynasty.The 26 th chapter of the Book of Rites says that misunderstanding the Book of Songs will make people stupid.However,as the accurate understanding of the Book of Songs,becoming ＂tender and gentle＂does not equate being stupid.This is the essential part of the poetry preaches of being ＂tender and gentle＂,which does not attracted enough attention and is misunderstood in certain extent. Hence,some discrimination must be made.