流动人口的社会保险覆盖率及其影响因素分析

Analysis on Participation Rate and Determinants of Social Insurance of Migrant Population in China

利用国家卫计委2010年12月的全国性大规模调查数据,本文研究了城市外来流动人口的社会保险覆盖率及其影响因素。研究发现,教育和培训提高了流动人口的参保概率;企业所有制性质、有无劳动合同,显著影响流动人口的参保;农民工各项社会保险的参保状况显著低于城城流动人口,并且中部地区流动人口的社会保险参保率显著低于东部和西部地区。流动人口不再是被动的社会保险获得者,已经有了一定的主动权。在提高流动人口社会保险覆盖率的政策设计上,除了加强流动人口的职业培训和教育之外,还应该严格落实新《劳动合同法》,将农民工作为社会保险扩面工程的重点人群,并将中部地区作为扩面工程的重点区域。

Based on national representative survey data from the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China in December 2010, this paper examines the participation rate and determinants of social insurance of migrant populaiton in China＇ s urban regions. The findings show that training and education enhance the probability of enrollment of social insurance. The enterprise ownership and labor contract affect the probability of participation. The enrollment rate of rural-urban migrant is lower than that of the urban-urban migrant, and the participation rate of migrant in central China is lower than that of the eastern and western China. The results imply that migrant population is no longer passive recipients of social insurance, they have been some initiative. For the policy implications of expanding social insurance coverage of migrant population, training and education should be strengthened. In addition, the New Labor Contract Law should be seriously implemented. The rural-urban migrant population and central China should be taken as the key objectives for the coverage expansion.