近代中华民族复兴的理论基点——以孙中山为视角的考察

The Theoretical Foundation for the National Rejuvenation of Modern China

自鸦片战争遭受列强侵略开始,中华民族遭受了前所未有的灾难和危机。经历清末民初政治风云之后,孙中山丰富发展了三民主义,其民族复兴思想愈益成熟完善,其内涵主要包括:实现国家独立和民族建国,是中华民族复兴的首要前提;实行民主建政,为国家的强盛和长治久安建立制度保障;发展实业,振兴经济,为国家的兴盛和强大奠立基础和根本。这些思想主张,构筑了近代中华民族复兴的理论基点。作为孙中山革命道路的继承人,中国共产党超越了这些思想,在理论和实践上更进一步推进了民族复兴的伟大事业。

The Chinese nation had been suffering an unprecedented disaster and crisis since the Opium War in 1840 when the foreign Powers initiated the invasion of China. After the political upheavals during the late Qing Dynasty and the early period of the Republic of China, Sun Zhongshan developed and enriched the Principles of Nationalism, Democracy and People＇ s livelihood, and his thoughts of national rejuvenation became increasingly mature and perfect. The main content was as follows： to realize the national independence and nation state, which was the first premise of Chinese national rejuvenation; to implement democratic political development in order to establish institutional guarantee for the country＇ s strong and lasting stability; to develop industry and revitalize the economy thus to consolidate the foundation for the country＇ s prosperity and mightiness. The theoretical basis of modern Chinese national rejuvenation was composed of those thoughts, beyond which the Chinese communist party, as the successor to Sun Zhongshan＇ s revolutionary road, further advanced the great cause of the national rejuvenation both in theory and practice.