面向轻量化的重型卡车板簧压板优化设计

LIGHTWEIGHT-ORIENTED OPTIMIZATION DESIGN ON LEAF SPRING CLAMP OF HEAVY-TRUCK

根据企业对板簧压板进行更换原材料QT500-10为ZG650-830的要求,为降低成本,需对其进行轻量化设计。采用Ansys Workbench建立了板簧压板的参数化有限元模型,以其内腔相关参数为设计变量,通过实验设计生成设计参数样本空间,经有限元求解得到样本点的响应面,同时通过对设计变量的灵敏度分析,确定结构参数优化方向。采用乘除法给出多目标优化的数学模型,利用Workbench进行尺寸优化设计,得到板簧压板的一次轻量化模型;然后对一次轻量化模型进一步进行拓扑优化,得到其最终轻量化模型。研究表明,轻量化后的板簧压板满足强度与刚度要求,结构安全性能提高,与原结构相比减重比达26.78%。

According to the requirement of the enterprise that the raw material of leaf spring clamp is replaced from QT500- 10 to ZG650-830, in order to reduce costs, lightweight design is needed as a result. Based on the parametric finite element model of leaf spring clamp established by the adoption of ANYSYS Workbench, this article takes relevant parameters of the inner chamber as design variable, generates design parameter sample space through experimental design and confirms the optimization direction of structural parameters by acquiring the response surface of sample point from finite element solution as well as the conduction of sensitivity analysis on the design variable. Multiplication and division methods are adopted to conclude mathematical model of multi-objective optimization. And the Workbench is also applied for the size optimization design, acquiring a one-time lightweight leaf spring clamp model. Then, further topological optimization is conducted on one-time lightweight model to acquire the final one. This research shows that the leaf spring clamp after lightweight design can meet the requirements of intensity and stiffness with higher safety performance in structure, and the weight reduction ratio also amounts to 26. 78% compared with the original structure.