飞机复合材料热电耦合仿真分析研究

THERMAL-ELECTRICAL SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT COMPOSITE

复合材料具有比重小、强度高、耐腐蚀性好等众多优点,使得复合材料越来越广泛地应用到飞机的制造业上。复合材料导电性较差,在遭受雷击时很难迅速将雷电流泄放出去,产生的电阻热会对复合材料造成严重的热损伤,危及飞机的飞行安全。本文利用有限元软件仿真分析碳纤维环氧树脂复合材料板遭受雷击时的热电耦合效应,仿真结果表明,复合材料表层最大电势变化趋势和所施加的雷电流波形一致,雷电流主要沿着复合材料板表层电导率最大的方向传导,由雷电流产生的电阻热也主要沿着表层传导,使得复合材料板的热损伤主要集中在表层。通过仿真分析得出了复合材料遭受雷击时的热损伤分布规律,为复合材料雷击可靠性评估提供参考。

Composite material has many advantages such as small specific gravity, high strength and good corrosion resistance. So, it is widely used to the aircraft manufacturing industry. Whereas, composite material has a poor conductivity, making lighting current difficult to quickly go out when subjected to lighting. Resistance heat would cause serious heat damage and endanger the safety of aircraft flying. In this paper, the finite element analysis software is used to simulate the thermal-electrical effect of carbon fiber epoxy composite plates when struck by lighting. Simulation results show that maximum potential of the composite is consistent with the trends of the exposed lighting current waveforms, lighting current goes along with the direction of the largest conductivity of the surface the com- posite plates. Resistance heat generated by lighting current also mainly goes along the surface so that the thermal damage of the composite plate are concentrated on the surface. The paper obtains the thermal damage distribution of the composite plate when struck by lighting, and provides a reference for assessing the reliability of the composite exposed to lighting.