车用柴油机高承载铝质气缸盖设计研究

Design of Al-alloyed Cylinder Head for Automobile Diesel Engine under High Loads

随着发动机机械负荷和热负荷水平的不断提升,不仅对材料性能提出更高要求,同时也对设计技术水平提出了更高的挑战。通过对5种采用强化措施的集成方案进行仿真分析对比,得到一种骨架式气缸盖方案为性能最优方案,该方案将螺栓柱、喷油器安装柱、顶板加强筋和火力面作为相互关联的主要承力结构。经热疲劳与机械疲劳可靠性考核试验验证,进一步证实该种承受20 MPa最大爆发压力的铝质气缸盖结构设计是合理的。

With the increase in thermal and mechanical loads of engine, the higher standard is required for materials, and the more serious challenges had been taken for the design technique of engine. A new frame cylinder head is obtained by simulating 5 strengthened cylinder-heads. The load carrying struc- tures, which are interdependent, are included by the stud bolts, the mounting support of fuel injector, the stiffeners of top ceiling and the fire face. The reliability test results of mechanical fatigue and thermal fatigue show that the structure of the cylinder head under peak pressure （20 MPa） is reasonable.