城市低频环境噪声烦恼度研究

Study on the subjective annoyance rating of urban low frequency noise

噪声对人的影响程度不但与它的响度大小有关,而且和它的频率高低有关。当前城市噪声源中有相当一部分为低频噪声,其对人的影响具有与通常的中高频噪声不同的特点。为分析噪声频率与烦恼度的关系,进行了8个不同频率的纯音在等响度级情况下的主观烦恼度的影响研究,由17位实验评价者对4组不同等响度级的纯音所引起的烦恼程度进行了成对比较评价,对评估矩阵进行误差分析和有效性的统计分析。结果显示,等响度级条件下,在63~250 Hz的低频段,烦恼度随着频率的升高而降低;而在1 000~8 000 Hz的中高频段,烦恼度则随着频率的升高而增大;评价者对中高频声的烦恼反应要高于低频声,但低频段的烦恼影响仍不可忽视。

Besides the loudness, the noise frequency also played an important role in the annoyance. Currently, lots of urban noises were low frequency noises. In order to analyze the relationship between noise frequency and annoyance, a pair- wise comparison experiment was carried out to evaluate the subjective annoyance rating of pure tones at different frequency with the same loudness level. Eight pure tones were used as sound samples. And their loudness was adjusted at four levels. A total of 17 volunteers took part in the experiment. Based on the assessment of judging errors and statistical va- lidity analysis of each subjects＂ evaluation matrix, the results indicated that with the same loudness level, from 63Hz to 250Hz, the annoyance level declined with the increment of pure frequency, but from 1000Hz to 8000Hz, the relationship was reversed. Although the pure tones at high and median frequencies could make larger annoyance than that at low frequencies, however, the influence of low frequencies also could not be ignored.