中国制造业对外贸易的环境效应分析

Analysis of the Effects of Foreign Trade on Environmental Quality in Chinese Manufacturing Industry

本文采用了2001-2012年期间中国制造业30个分行业的产值、污染排放量和对外贸易等数据，应用Grossman和Krueger（1991）构建的国际贸易环境效应模型，分析了中国制造业对外贸易对环境质量的影响。结果发现：中国制造业对外贸易的商品结构越来越偏向于“清洁”行业，对外贸易的结构效应有利于环境质量的改善。与此同时，在对外贸易规模不断扩大的情况下，对外贸易的技术效应可能是环境质量没有迅速恶化的主要原因。

This paper uses the data of 30 industries＇output, pollution emission and foreign trade in Chinese manufacturing industry during the years from 2001 to 2012. Through the reference and application of Grossman and Krueger （1991） environmental effect model of in ternational trade, the paper analyzes the effect of foreign trade of Chinese manufacturing in dustry on environmental quality. This paper gets a conclusion that commodity structure of foreign trade of Chinese manufacturing industry is more and more in favor of ＂clean＂ indus- try; the structure effect of foreign trade is conducive to the improvement of environmental quality. At the same time, on the condition of the foreign trade scale expanding increasingly, technology effects of foreign trade of Chinese manufacturing industry may be the main reason that the environmental quality has not deteriorated rapidly, which is reflected in the rapid promotion of Chinese production and environmental technology.