电子装备试验中的电磁兼容问题分析

Analysis on EMC Characteristics of Electronic Equipment Test in Short Range

对近场区和远场区的电磁兼容特性进行了分析,得出结果如下:远场条件下电子装备间的电磁兼容问题可以不用考虑,而在近场条件下则不容忽视。针对电子装备试验中近场效应的存在可能导致的天线性能变化,进行了理论研究、数学仿真和试验验证,其结果表明,近场效应导致天线主瓣与第1副瓣之间的电平被显著抬高、天线增益损耗最大值不超过5 d B。对信号频谱图上叠加的多个不稳定信号进行了原因分析,通过切断多种传输途径杜绝了此类现象的发生。针对试验区域内所出现的某雷达大功率干扰信号,采取变换试验布局解决了问题。从方案设计和试验实施等2个阶段,对近场条件下电子装备试验可能出现的电磁兼容问题进行了归纳分析。

This paper analyzes the characteristics of EMC in theory,the results show that it would rather consider the EMC effect among these electronic equipments in short range than in long range.The theoretical research,mathematical simulation and test verification for the performance change of antenna caused by EMC effect of an electronic equipment test in short range are implemented,the results show that the level between main lobe and the first sidelobe is significantly higher,the maximum loss of antenna gain does not exceed 5 dB.The superimposition of multiple unstable signals on signal spectrum is eliminated by cutting off multiple transmission paths. The method of changing test layout is used to avoid the influence of a high-power radar in test area.The EMC effect among these electronic equipments in short range is inductively analyzed during such two phases as project design and test.