云南景迈山古茶资源现状的调查与分析

The Investigation and Analysis of the Current Situation of Ancient Tea Resources in Jingmai of Yunnan

为更好地保护和利用景迈山的古茶资源,对景迈山古茶树进行了一次实地普查,选取10个村寨共100株古茶树,对其生物形态特征和病虫进行分析,并就古茶园的管理及古茶树资源利用问题,实地与农户访谈。结果表明,景迈山是一个茶树资源库,里面品种繁杂,景迈山古茶园古茶树的形态特征主要是栽培型,平均树高3.491~5.006 m,平均树幅3.12 m×2.61 m^4.41 m×4.14 m,树型79%乔木、16%小乔木、5%灌木,病害主要有小绿叶蝉、蓟马等,虫害主要有茶白星病、炭疽病、茶饼病等。在当地茶农的管理经验基础上,结合自然资源保护与利用,为古茶树保护提供发展的空间和安全保障。

In order to protect and utilize the ancient tea resources more better, a general investigation of Jingmai Mountain was conducted. Selecting 10 villages 100 ancient trees, the biology characteristics and pests were analyzed, management of ancient tea garden and utilization was discussed with farmers. The findings showed that： Jingmai Mountain ancient tea morphology are cultivation type, the average tree height between the 3. 491-5.006 m , the average tree width at 3.12 m × 2.61 m - 4.41 m× 4.14 m between plant： 79% of trees, 16% of small trees, shrubs 5%. There are a small number of pest leafhopper, thrips, and diseases such as mainly： white tea scab, anthraenose, tea cakes disease. Jingmai Mountain ancient tea is a tea resource repository with complex varieties. On the basis of local farmers experience, com- bined with the protection and utilization of natural resources, the aim is to provide space for the ＂development and security protection of ancient tea plants .