不同高粱种质幼苗器官形态与出苗能力关系的研究

Study on Relationship between Seedling Morphology and Emerging Ability of Different Sorghum Germplasm

高梁是世界上重要的禾谷类作物，具有抗旱、耐盐碱和耐贫瘠等多重抗性。种子出苗率低一直是高粱种植的制约因素之一，给高粱的机械化种植造成很大影响。本研究于2014年选用不同高粱种质进行室内发芽试验，通过设置不同播种深度研究高梁种质出苗率、中胚轴和胚芽鞘长度与覆土深度的关系。结果表明，杂交种发芽率和发芽势均表现出一定程度的正向中亲优势，变幅分别为5．45％-10．18％和9．59％。13．69％；随着播种深度增加，出苗率逐渐下降；播种深度越深中胚轴越长，但对胚芽鞘影响不显著；供试高粱材料不同播深（2cm和6cm）处理的中胚轴长度差与出苗率变化呈显著负相关（R^2=-0．7065＊），表明中胚轴的伸长能力是不同播种深度处理出苗率变化的重要因素。

Sorghum, as an important cereal saline-alkaline, leanness, etc. Low seedling crop,possesses multiple resistance to abiotic stresses,such as drought, emergence had always one of confinement factor for the growth of sor- ghum, greatly affecting the mechanization of sorghum cultivation. Germination test of different sorghum varieties were performed in this study. Different sowing depths were set to elucidate the relationship between soil depth and emer- gence rate,coleoptile node and mesocotyl length. The results showed that the mid-parent heterosis of germination rate and energy were 5.45%-10.18% and 9.59%- 13.69% ,respectively. As the sowing depth increased,emer- gence rates were gradually declined;The deeper the sowing cover, the greater the mesocotyl length, however, the so- wing depth has no significant affects on the coleoptile node length. There was a significant negative correlation （R^2 = -0. 7065 ＊ ）between the different values of mesocotyl depth, indicating the elongation ability of mesocotyl was length and the changes a key factor to affect the of emergence rate in two sowing seedling emergence rate.