巢湖蓝藻水华分布特征和气象条件分析

Analysis on the Distributions and Meteorological Conditions of Cyanobacteria Bloom in Chaohu Lake

[目的]研究巢湖蓝藻水华与气象条件之间的关系。[方法]利用卫星遥感监测信息和气象资料,统计分析2009-2013年巢湖蓝藻水华分布特征与其暴发期间主要气象要素特征。[结果]巢湖蓝藻水华5-11月均有分布,9、10月是巢湖蓝藻水华的主要暴发期,5、11月明显偏少;蓝藻水华主要分布在西半湖。适宜的气温、少雨、光照充足和风速偏小有利于蓝藻颗粒的上浮和积聚;适宜的温度条件下,蓝藻生长繁殖迅速。[结论]气温是巢湖蓝藻水华暴发的基本气象条件,不是水华暴发面积的关键气象条件,5 d积温165.0℃·d可作为蓝藻暴发的上限;降水对水华有抑制作用;充足的日照是水华形成的必要条件;低风速（〈3.8 m/s）利于水华形成。

[Objective]The research aimed to study the relationship between the cyanobacteria bloom and meteorological conditions in Chaohu Lake. [Method]With the data from the satellite remote sensing monitoring and meteorology from 2009 to 2013,this paper mainly analyzed the distribution features of cyanobacteria bloom and the features of main elemental meteorological during the outbreak of cyanobacteria bloom in Chaohu Lake.[Result]there were cyanobacteria bloom distribution during May to November,and Most of cyanobacteria bloom in Chaohu Lake mainly incurred in September and October,but the periods of the cyanobacteria bloom reduce sharply was in May and November. Lake blue-green cyanobacteria bloom were mainly distributed in west half lake. The suitable temperature,little rain,sunny and small wind speed was beneficial to a buoyancy and accumulation of cyanobacteria particles. Under the condition of appropriate temperature,the cyanobacteria bloom grow rapidly.[Conclusion]The temperature was the basic meteorological conditions of cyanobacteria bloom in Chaohu Lake,however,it was not the key meteorological condition to the area of cyanobacteria bloom. The 165. 0 ℃ ·d which the accumulated temperature during 5 days could be used as was the upper limits of cyanobacteria bloom. Precipitation had an inhibitory effect on cyanobacteria bloom. Enough sunshine was a necessary condition for the formation of cyanobacteria blooms. The breeze（less than 3. 8 m / s） were beneficial for the formation of cyanobacteria bloom.