5种水生植物净化水质效果的研究

Effect of Five Aquatic Plants on Water Purification

[目的]研究5种水生植物对富营养化水体的净化效果,以期为富营养化水体的植物生态修复提供理论依据。[方法]以对叶草、薄荷草、大柳、水白菜和宝塔草5种水生植物为试验材料,通过对氨氮(NH3-N)、活性磷(SOP)和化学耗氧量(CODMn)等富营养化指标的测定研究5种植物对富营养化水体的净化效果。[结果]5种水生植物能有效去除富营养化水体中的氨氮和活性磷。20 d氨氮去除率分别为81.27%、78.97%、66.68%、63.24%、57.11%,除去效果依次为对叶草>宝塔草>薄荷草>大柳>水白菜;活性磷去除效果依次为宝塔草>大柳>薄荷草>水白菜>对叶草,20 d去除率均分别为86.36%、86.31%、85.71%、77.82%、75.01%;水生植物系统对有机物的去除效果前期明显,前10 d水体COD去除率均超过72%,但后期却持续缓慢上升。[结论]宝塔草和对叶草对富营养化水体的净化效果较好,具有一定的推广应用价值。

[Objective] The purification effect of five aquatic plants on eutrophic water was studied to provide theoretical basis for the plant ecological restoration of ertrophic water. [Method] The purification effect of five aquatic plants（Pistia stratiotes,Lysimachia nummularia,Limnophila aquatica,Bacopa monnieri and Hygrophila corymbosa） on eutrophic water was studied through determining ammonia nitrogen（NH3-N）,soluble organic phosphorus（SOP） and chemical Oxygen Demand（CODMn）. [Result]During the experiment period of 20 d,the removal rates of NH3-N by palnting Bacopa monnieri,Limnophila aquatica,Lysimachia nummularia,Hygrophila corymbosa and Pistia stratiotes were81. 27%,78. 97%,66. 68%,63. 24% and 57. 11% respectively; the removal rates of SOP by palnting Limnophila aquatica,Hygrophila corymbosa,Lysimachia nummularia,Pistia stratiotes and Bacopa monnieri were 86. 36%,86. 31%,85. 71%,77. 82% and 75. 01% respectively; the removal rates of CODMn was above 72% by five aquatic plants during the experiment period of 10 d,but the growth of the CODMn increased consistently and slowly after 10 d. [Conclusion] The purification effect of Limnophila aquatica and Bacopa monnieri on eutrophic water was better with certain popularization value.