重庆市633例婴幼儿母亲母乳喂养知-信-行调查

Breastfeeding KAP investigation among 633 infants' mothers in Chongqing

目的:探讨婴幼儿母亲母乳喂养知识、态度、行为之间的关系,为提高母乳喂养率的干预研究提供参考。方法:以重庆市6个区县633例婴幼儿母亲为研究对象,采取一对一问卷调查方法对其一般状况、母乳喂养的知识、态度和行为进行调查,采用Epidata 3.1软件进行数据整理,SPSS 18.0软件进行统计描述和分析。结果:1重庆市4个月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养率为58.4%。母亲对母乳喂养益处的知晓率为70.4%,对正确的母乳喂养方法的知晓率为71.9%。2χ2检验结果显示,自觉母乳量、母乳喂养的信心、同伴喂养方式、公共场所母乳喂养态度、开奶时间及是否采取泌乳措施在纯母乳喂养组与非纯母乳喂养组之间存在差别,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3Logistic多因素分析结果显示,同伴喂养方式为纯母乳喂养、自觉母乳量能满足婴儿、对母乳喂养有信心是纯母乳喂养的有利因素;介意公共场所母乳喂养是纯母乳喂养的不利因素。结论:重庆市母乳喂养现状有待高。促进母乳喂养知-信-行模式的协调发展,积极开设公共场所母乳喂养室,可以成为提高母乳喂养率的有效途径。

Objective： To explore the relationship among breastfeeding knowledge,attitude and practice（ KAP） among infants＇ mothers,provide reference for intervention study for improving breastfeeding rate. Methods： A total of 663 infants ＇ mothers were selected from six districts（ counties） in Chongqing as study objects,the general condition and breastfeeding KAP were surveyed one by one by a questionnaire,the data were summarized on Epidata 3. 1 software and analyzed on SPSS18. 0 software. Results： The exclusive breastfeeding rate at four months was 58. 4% in Chongqing. The maternal awareness rates of benefits of breastfeeding and correct breastfeeding methods were 70. 4% and 71. 9%,respectively. Chi- square test showed that there were statistically significant differences in the conscious breast milk volume,confidence of breastfeeding,peer feeding patterns,attitude towards public breastfeeding,the time to start breastfeeding and whether taking lactation measures between breastfeeding group and non- breastfeeding group（ P〈0. 05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that peer adopting exclusive breastfeeding,sufficient conscious breast milk volume and being confidence of breastfeeding were positive factors of exclusive breastfeeding; minding breastfeeding in public places was a negative factor of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion： The current situation of breastfeeding in Chongqing need be to improved; promoting coordinated development of breastfeeding KAP and actively set up breastfeeding rooms in public places can effectively improve exclusive breastfeeding rate.