以学生为中心儿科教学查房模式的实践与思考

Practice and consideration for the model of student-centered teaching rounds in pediatrics

目的评价在建构主义理论指导下以学生为中心的儿科教学查房模式的效果。方法选取护理专业高职学生118名为研究对象,对照组60名学生开展老师为中心的教学查房模式,实验组58名学生以建构主义理论指导,从情境、协作、会话和意义建构等四大要素设计并实施以学生为中心的教学查房模式,每轮学生儿科实习4周,每2周进行1次查房,实习结束前测评两组学生的儿科护理临床实习效果。结果实验组学生的案例分析题得分高于对照组(P<0.01);学习效果各条目如学习兴趣、自主学习能力、对疾病相关资料的综合分析能力、独立发现和解决问题的能力、语言表达能力、团队协作能力的评价得分较对照组学生高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论以学生为中心的儿科教学查房体现了学生在学习中的中心地位,对学生能力的全面提高起到了积极的作用。

Objective To evaluate the learning effects of student-centered teaching rounds in pediatric clinical practice. Methods Totally 118 vocational nursing students were recruited in the study,60 students were in the control group which implemented the teacher-centered teaching rounds,while 58 students were in the experimental group which implemented student-centered teaching rounds. The methods were mainly designed according to four elements such as situation,cooperation,conversation and meaning constrnction of constrnctivism theories. Dining 4 weeks in pediatric ward,each student had a teaching round every two weeks. To compare the clinical learning effects of two groups,all the students had a case analysis test and were investigated by a self-designed learning effects questionnaire of 6 items at the end of practice. Results The scores of case analysis test in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈0.01）. Every item of questionnaire in the experi- mental group was significantly better than that in the control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusions Student-centered teaching round was a fundamental change from teaching idea to teaching model, h played all important role to assist nursing students to acquire key clinical competence.