血精及射精管梗阻的精囊镜诊治技术

Application of vesiculoscopy in the patients of hematospermia and ejaculatory duct obstruction

近十余年来,精囊镜技术的出现为保守治疗无效的顽固性血精和射精管梗阻患者进一步诊治提供了有效手段。引起顽固性血精的常见病变多位于精囊、射精管及周围区域,主要由感染、炎症、梗阻、囊肿、结石等原因引起。精囊镜技术操作的主要目标是明确病因,解除梗阻,清除异物,改善精囊引流,达到治愈血精的目的。本文就引起血精和射精管梗阻的常见病因、精囊镜技术的发展历史和现状、应用适应证、手术技巧和疗效等进行详细阐述。

The appearance of vesiculoscopy offers a new effective method for the etiological diagnosis and treatment of the refractory hematospermia and ejaculatory duct obstruction （EDO） in recent ten years. The lesions inducing persistent and refractory hematospermia are usually located in the seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct and the peripheral area, and the etiology is usually infection, inflammation, obstruction, cyst and seminal tract stone. The goal of the application of vesiculoscopy is to make clear of the causes, relieve obstruction, improve the drain- age of seminal vesicle, and at last recover from hematospermia. This paper described in detail the common causes inducing hematospermia and EDO, the history and present situation of the application of vesiculoscopy in the world, the indication, operation skills and clinical effects of its application.