影响甲真菌病预后因素的研究进展

Prognostic factors for onychomycosis

甲真菌病顽固难治,目前采用的治疗方法包括局部治疗、口服抗真菌药物治疗以及口服药物和局部治疗等综合疗法,但这些方法的疗效常受多种因素的影响.影响甲真菌病预后的因素主要有甲的局部因素,包括甲真菌病的临床类型、甲板生长速度、甲板厚度、甲母质受累、甲下癣菌瘤或甲下条索状损害的影响,另外还有甲的既往感染史,遗传因素,药物的选择以及糖尿病、银屑病的影响等.其中甲的局部改变是影响预后的最主要因素.充分了解影响甲真菌病的预后因素有助于临床医生确定治疗方案以及随访时间的长度,从而有助于提高甲真菌病的治愈率,改善患者生活质量.

Onychomycosis is very hard to treat,and present therapeutic approaches include local treatment and oral antifungal treatment alone or in combination.Unfortunately,the treatment outcome is usually influenced by multiple factors.The prognosis of onychomycosis is mainly affected by local factors of nails,including clinical type of onychomycosis,growth rate and thickness of nail plate,involvement of nail matrix,coexistence of subungual dermatophytoma or streak-like lesions.Other prognostic factors include a history of prior nail infection,hereditary factors,choice of drugs,comorbidities such as diabetes or psoriasis,etc.Fully understanding of prognostic factors for onychomycosis can help clinicians to determine treatment protocols and length of follow-up,so as to improve recovery rate and life quality of patients with onychomycosis.