汉语量词范畴“去范畴化”现象考探

The Decategorization of Quantifier Category in Modern Chinese

从句法功能、语义功能及语义内涵等方面对汉语"量词"词类范畴进行动态考察,发现汉语量词在"去范畴化"过程中主要表现出三个方面的特点:句法功能扩展,语义功能扩展,语义内涵的丧失、转指和抽象泛化。语言"去范畴化"过程中会产生一定的范畴转移,而在词汇层面所遗存的痕迹是这种"转移"最有力的证据。

The paper dynamically inspects the quantifier category from several aspects： syn- tactic distribution,semantic function,changing in semantic connotation. It implies that in the deeategorization the quantifier owns the following three characteristics：the syntactic function is extended;the semantic function is extended;the semantic connotation loss,or shift,or be abstract and generalized. Deeategorization cause the category shift eventually,but the traces in vocabulary will become the most powerful evidence for the ＂shift＂.