差比构式“(X)连YA都没有”探析

The Differential Comparing Construction of "(X) Lian Y A Dou Meiyou"

"(X)连YA都没有"式比较句是一种比较特殊的差比构式。典型的"(X)连YA都没有"构式中,Y常常是说话者主观上认为处于系列比较项中靠近低端的一个元素,构式表达的是一种主观上认为"Y算不上A,但X却连Y也比不上"的构式义。非典型的"(X)连YA都没有"构式中,Y是说话者主观上认为处于系列比较项中靠近中间位置的一个元素,构式表达的是一种主观上认为"Y并不很A,但X却连Y也比不上"的构式义。这种差比构式在表达上带有夸张的意味,具有较强的主观性。"(X)连YA都没有"是由原型构式"连NP都没有"引申出来的构式实体。

The comparative clause of ＂ （X） lian Y A dou meiyou＂ is one kind of dif- ferential constructions. In the typical constructions of ＂（X） lian Y A dou meiyou＂,Y is usually one component which is subjectivly deemed near the low end in many compared components,and the constructions meaning is that Y is not A,but X is not more than Y. In the untypical constructions of ＂ （X） lian Y A dou meiyou＂ ,Y is usually one com- ponent which is subjectively deemed in the middle of many compared components,and the constructions meaning is that Y is not very A,but X is not more than Y. These construc- tions express with strong hyperbole and subjectivity.