息烽泡核桃优良单株选择初报

A preliminary report on plus tree selection of walnut(Juglans sigillata) from Xifeng County

核桃优质乡土品种选育是保障产业发展所需种苗遗传品质的关键,2011年在贵州省息烽全县10个乡镇开展了核桃优良单株选择,为泡核桃采穗圃建设和进一步的品种选育提供繁殖材料。依据优树选择标准初选152株优良单株,坚果的单果质量和壳厚变异最丰富,出仁率变异最小。综合评分评选15株优良单株,主要是浅麻壳细香泡核桃类型。坚果的平均纵径为34.09 mm,平均侧径为30.48 mm,平均横径31.26 mm,平均单果质量8.85g,平均壳厚1.01 mm,平均出仁率58.3%,冠影面积产仁量平均为0.53 kg/m2。

Breeding of super native varieties of walnut （Juglans sigillata） is crucial for obtaining the cultivars with high genetic quality for the industrial development of walnut.On this background,plus tree selection was carried out in 10 locations of Xifeng County in 2011 for providing propagation materials in the construction of scion orchard and further breeding of super varieties.According to the selection criteria of walnut plus tree,a total of 152 excellent individual trees were selected as candidates,which presented greatest variations in the average nut weight and shell thickness,while presented least variations in the nut kernel percentage.Then based on the calculated comprehensive score,15 excellent individual trees were further selected,and they were mainly the type of walnuts with small fruit,thin shelled,shallow pits and good taste.The selected plus trees exhibited an average longitudinal diameter of 34.09 mm,average side path of 30.48 mm,average diameter of 31.26 mm,average nut weight of 8.85 g,kernel rate of 58.3％,average shell thickness of 1.01 mm,and the average kernel yield per m2 of crown projection area 0.53 kg/m2 .