高水平运动员赛前训练“最优化”调控的一般性理论问题研究述评

A Literature Review on the General Theories of Optimization Monitoring of High-level Athletes' Pre-competition

从系统论角度,运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法和专家访谈法,并结合方法学、生理学、时间生物学等学科知识,对赛前训练、竞技状态及调控问题进行探讨。对赛前训练、竞技状态等概念进行梳理和厘定,阐明竞技状态与运动成绩的关系。指出要正确认识"专项训练""核心竞技能力"等核心概念,实现赛前训练的科学化;要利用好赛前减量、调控、模拟训练、调整时差等手段,达到赛前训练的艺术化。旨在完善运动参赛理论,在宏观上对运动训练实践发挥一定的指导作用。

From the perspective of systematology, by literature review, logical analysis and expert interview, combining knowledge of methodology, physiology, time biology, the issues of pre-competition training, competitive state and monitoring are discussed in this paper, the conceptions of pre-competition training and competitive state are combed and redefined and the relationship between competitive state and athletic performance is also discussed. Correct recognition of the core concept such as specific training and core competitive ability is necessary for the scientific pre-competition training. Good application of moderate exercise, monitoring, simulation training and adjustment lag before competition is necessary for the artistic pre-competition training. And this paper hopefully serves to improve and perfect sports competition theory, at the same time serves as a guidance for sports training practice in macroscopic view.