婴幼儿呼吸道感染细菌分布及药敏结果分析

The Result Analysis of Bacteria Distribution and Drug Susceptibility in Pediatric Respiratory Tract Infection

目的:探讨沈阳地区婴幼儿呼吸道感染常见致病菌分布及耐药状况,为临床及时诊治患儿提供依据。方法:采用生物梅里埃公司的细菌鉴定系统(API)对沈阳市婴幼儿医院收治的1397例呼吸道感染患儿的痰液及血液进行细菌鉴定及K-B法药敏。结果:1397例患者的痰液标本中共检测到582株致病菌,其中,G-杆菌453株(77.8%),G+球菌98株(16.8%),混合感染15株(2.6%),真菌感染13株(2.2%),其他菌3株。G-杆菌对头孢他啶、头孢曲松、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉等耐药率均较高,对舒普深耐药率最低,其次为亚胺培南、头孢吡肟、环丙沙星等;G+球菌对红霉素、青霉素耐药率较高,对左旋氧氟沙星耐药率最低;3种真菌对抗真菌药物普遍敏感。结论:本地区小儿患者呼吸道感染以G-杆菌为主要致病菌,真菌的感染率也呈上升趋势,抗感染治疗应根据病原学结果集药物敏感试验选用抗菌药物。

Objective：To investigate the distribution of common pathogenic bacteria and the condition of drug resistance with pediatric respiratory tract infection in Shenyang,for clinical diagnosis and treatment of children with timely to provide a basis. Method：The isolates were identified by API system and the antibiotic susceptibility test was detected using the K-B method for the sputum and blood of 1397 pathogens cases pediatric respiratory tract infection were treated by Shenyang Children＇s Hospital. Result：582 pathogens were detectined in 1397 cases sputum specimens,which G^- bacilli 453 strains（77.8%）and G^＋ bacilli of 98 strains（16.8%）,mixed infection of 15 strains（2.6%）,13 strains of fungal infection（2.2%）,3 strains of other bacteria. Conclusion：In this region,gram-negative bacilli is the major pathogensin in patients with pediatric respiratory tract infections, fungal infection rates is also on the rise. Antibiotics therapy should be made according to bacteriologic examination and antibiotic sensitivity test.