从方位系统的使用看《周礼》与《尔雅》的成书

Study of The Writing of Zhouli and Erya Which from the Perspective of Azimuth System

中国古代一些重要典籍的成书时间及著作地域,从古到今,尚无定论。究其原因,主要是研究方法的不同。文章从方位系统的使用对《周礼》、《尔雅》进行了具体考察:首先梳理方位系统的形成过程,然后考察一般著作对方位系统的应用情况,将《周礼》、《尔雅》对方位系统的使用情况与一般著作相比照。结论认为:《周礼》大约成书于在战国,作者应是周王室的人;《尔雅》成书于战国末期,出自齐鲁学者之手。

Because of many complex causes, there have always been different viewpoints about the time and place of writing of some important ancient Chinese classics. One of the major reason is that scholars have employed different methods in research. In this paper, we try to prove the time and place of writing of Zhouli and Erya from the perspective of the usage of azimuth system. First, we combed the forming process for azimuth system; then, we inspect the applications of azimuth system in common writings as the system forming. Thirdly, we compare Zhouli and Erya with some other common writings, so as to get the time and place of writing of Zhouli and Erya. Finally, we confirm that the time of writing of Zhouli was in Warring States period, and the author was a person of Zhou royal court; Erya was written in Last Warring States period, and the author was a scholar from Qi or Lu.