中国东部陆架边缘海网采浮游植物种类组成和季节变化

Species composition and seasonal variation of netz-phytoplankton in the eastern marginal China seas

为揭示中国东部陆架边缘海浮游植物群落季节变化规律,根据2006年6–7月、2007年1–2月、2007年11月和2009年4–5月在中国东部陆架边缘海域(25.00°–39.00°N,118.00°–129.00°E)进行的综合采样调查,对调查海域网采浮游植物(网孔直径77μm)的物种多样性和分布特征进行了研究。4个航次共鉴定出浮游植物4门70属257种(不包括未定名种),其中硅藻是主要功能群,其次是甲藻,主要的优势种为骨条藻(Skeletonema spp.)、细弱海链藻(Thalassiosira subtilis)、囊状海链藻(T.scrotiformis)、伏氏海线藻(Thalassionema frauenfeldii)、菱形海线藻(T.nitzschioides)、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)、洛氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros lorenzianus)、旋链角毛藻(C.curvisetus)、尖刺伪菱形藻(Pseudo-nitzschia pungens)和夜光藻(Noctiluca scintillans)。浮游植物细胞丰度为0.02×104–31,350.21×104cells/m3,最低值出现在冬季黄海海域,最高值出现在春季长江口邻近海域。4个季节的浮游植物细胞密度呈现春季>夏季>秋季>冬季的趋势,浮游植物各生物多样性指数的等值线均呈现西北–东南走向。

The abundance and seasonal variation of phytoplankton were studied in the eastern marginal China seas （25.00°-39.00° N, 118.00°-129.00° E）. Based on surveys in June and July 2006, January and February 2007, November 2007 and April and May 2009, we analyzed the species composition, community structure, and cell density of netz-phytoplankton （mesh size 77 μm）. A total of 257 phytoplankton species were identified, belonging to 70 genera and 4 classes. Bacillariolhyta was the dominant functional group, followed by Pyrrophyta. The dominant species were Skeletonema spp., Thalassiosira subtilis, T. scrotiformis, Thalassionema frauenfeldii, T. nitzschioides, Paralia sulcata, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, C. curvisetus, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens and Noctiluca scintillans. The cell density of the phytoplankton ranged from 0.02×10^4 cells/m^3 in the Yellow Sea in winter to 31,350.21×10^4 cells/m^3 in the Yangtze River in spring. Overall phytoplankton cell density showed the following seasonal trend： spring 〉 summer 〉 autumn 〉 winter.