北京双井社区居民血管性认知功能障碍知识知晓率调查

Investigation on the awareness rate of vascular cognitive impairment-related knowledge among community residents in Shuangjing District, Beijing

目的 初步了解北京双井社区居民对血管性认知功能障碍（VCI）知识的知晓率.方法在双井12个社区中,随机抽取5个,共512例,其中男性197例,女性315例,平均年龄（64.7±8.2）岁;初中及以上文化程度占87.9％;在2013年1月至3月,采用发放问卷方法进行VCI自制问卷调查. 结果 虽然对血管性痴呆的知晓率仅36.9％,但对记忆力、定向力、语言、执行功能、计算力、视空间能力及判断力等症状的知晓率为43.8％-89.3％.对痴呆患者4个就诊门诊的知晓率为21.5％-38.9％,而对痴呆不可以根治的知晓率仅47.5％.在脑卒中5个危险因素中,其知晓率达54.5％-83.4％,但对低血压和低血糖损害认知功能的知晓率分别为42.8％和43.2％.在预防知识中,对VCI高危人群、认知筛查及一级预防等知识的知晓率为35.5％-95.5％.双井社区居民获取健康知识的主要途径是电视和报纸,分别占86.9％和60.2％;赞成健康教育对生活有帮助的达85.9％.多元线性回归分析结果显示,VCI知识积分与性别和文化程度相关性差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）. 结论 双井社区居民对VCI危险因素、诊治及预防等部分知识知晓率低,这需要加大VCI健康教育的力度.

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of knowledge related with vascular cognitive impairment （VCI） in community residents in Shuangjing District,Beijing.Methods 5 communities were randomly selected from 12 communities in Shuangjing District.According to roster,512 residents were selected randomly.Among them,there were 197 males and 315 females with an average age of （64.71±8.22） years.87.9％ of subjects had junior high school culture and over.The awareness rate of knowledge related with VCI was investigated by questionnaires from January 2013 to March 2013.Results Although the awareness rate of knowledge related with vascular dementia was only 36.9％,the awareness rates of symptoms of impairment in memory,orientation,language,execution,calculation,visuospatial and judgement were 43.8％-89.3％.The awareness rates of four outpatient clinics among dementia patients were 21.5％-38.9％,however,the awareness rate of dementia which was not curable was 47.5％.The awareness rates of 5 risk factors for stroke were 54.5％-83.4％,but the awareness rate of cognition impairment caused by hypotension and hypoglycemia was 42.8％ and 43.2％,respectively.About VCI-related preventive knowledge,the awareness rates of VCI population with high risk factors,cognitive abilities screening,and primary prevention were 35.5％-95.5 ％.The main routes taking healthy knowledge were the television and newspapers with the awareness rate of 86.9％ and 60.2％,respectively.85.9％ of subjects agreed that healthy education was helpful to their life qualities.Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship of accumulated points of VCI-related knowledge with gender and education degree （P＜0.05）.Conclusions The awareness rates of risk factors,diagnosis and therapy and primary prevention for VCI are lower in Shuangjing community,and the health education about VCI should be strengthened.