CCU心肌梗死患者抢救无效时同诊断患者心理体验的质性研究

Psychological Experience of Patients with Myocardial Infarction Facing Invalid Rescue of Other Patients in CCU: A Qualitative Study

目的：探索 CCU心肌梗死患者抢救无效状态下其他心肌梗死患者的真实心理体验，以寻求合适的护理对策。方法在CCU出现心肌梗死患者抢救无效宣告死亡的12～24 h内，对其他11例CCU的心肌梗死患者采用质性研究的方法，通过半结构式深度访谈及Colaizzi内容分析法分析资料。结果提炼出4个主题：（1）当前心理状态表现为淡漠、焦虑、恐惧，且各个心态大相径庭。（2）对疾病的感知从认为自己没病、心肌梗死没那么可怕到对疾病感到迷茫。（3）对他人的需求，表现为：渴望医生护士提供康复知识；渴望心理护理；需要家人的理解与支持。（4）对CCU规章制度的态度，表现为：更加遵守CCU的规章制度；希望CCU规章制度能够更加灵活。结论 CCU抢救无效状态下其他心肌梗死患者心理体验是复杂的。医护人员应该重视CCU抢救无效状态下其他心肌梗死患者的心理体验，及时给予合适有效的心理护理；把握该特殊时期，提高患者健康教育的有效性；CCU规章制度需灵活变通。

Objective To explore the psychological experience of patients with myocardial infarction facing invalid rescue of other patients in CCU, and to propose appropriate nursing countermeasures. Methods A qualitative study was used on 11 patients with myocardial infarction within 12～24 hours when the rescue of other patients was invalid in CCU through semi-structured in-depth interviews and Colaizzi content analysis. Results Four themes were concluded：（1） the current psychological state;（2） the perception to the disease; （3） the needs for others; （4） the attitude to the rules and regulations of CCU. Conclusion It is important to pay attention to the psychological experience of patients with myocardial infarction and provide effective psychological nursing countermeasures when the rescue of other patients is invalid in CCU. In addition, we should improve the health education during this special period. Meanwhile, the rules and regulations of CCU should be more flexible.