既有建筑外墙外保温节能改造防火措施分析

Fire-Proof Measures for Energy-efficient Reconstruction of Existing Buildings on External Thermal Insulation

外墙外保温系统的防火措施对既有建筑外墙节能改造的安全性起着重要作用。结合国内外墙外保温典型火灾案例的调查研究结果,分析了火灾产生的原因主要有3个方面:1外保温系统自身不满足防火要求;2防火构造措施不合理;3施工违规操作。并基于上述火灾原因分析,提出了改善外墙保温改造防火性能的建议与措施,如选用阻燃性保温材料,设置防火保护层,采用无空腔构造,设置防火隔离带,加强施工过程的防火措施等,以期提高外墙外保温系统的防火性能,为既有建筑外墙外保温节能改造的设计与施工提供参考。

Fire-proof measures of external thermal insulation plays an important role in the safety of energy-efficient reconstruction of existing buildings. Combining investigation results of typical fire cases, the causes of fire accident of domestic external thermal insulation are analyzed in three aspects：1）fire-poof performance of outer-wall external thermal insulation can’t meet the requirement of standards; 2） irrational fire-proof conformation; 3） illegal construction. Based on the above analysis, some measures for improving the performance of fire protection of external thermal insulation are put forward, such as choosing fire retar-dant insulation material, setting fire protection layer, adopting non-cavity constitution, setting the fire barri-ers, strengthening fire-proof measures in the process of construction and so on. These measures will im-prove the fire protection of external thermal insulation system, and provide the reference for the design and construction of energy-efficient reconstruction of existing buildings.