十八届三中全会后国家经济权力配置新趋向分析

An Analysis of Economic Power Allocation after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC National Congress

大体而言,新中国成立后,国家关于经济权力配置的改革,经过了三个阶段。改革开放前,经济权力配置改革的主要特点是:权力主要在中央政府和地方政府之间不断划分。改革开放后,经济权力配置改革的主要特点是:国家不断完善宏观管理权力,不断激活微观经济主体权力活力。十八届三中全会国家在经济权力配置上,呈现新特点:主要是将经济资源配置方面权力进一步放活,而将社会公共管理层面权力进一步收紧。从我国经济权力配置发展趋势看,中国社会经济权力配置总体在不断合理化。但存在的一个问题是:在经济权力的收与放中,能否真正走出中国社会一收就死、一放就乱的怪圈?因为在社会缺乏诚信的基础上,权力的收与放,都存在一个秩序稀缺和规则意识差的问题。如何解决好这个问题,笔者认为,还需要进一步加强国民的精神文明建设。

China has roughly gone through three phases in the allocation of Sate economic power since the establishment of new China in 1949.Before the adoption of reform and opening-up policies, the economic power was allocated by the central government and local governments. After the reform and opening-up movement was launched, the nation continued to strengthen its macromanagement power and vitalize the micro-economic bodies. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC National Congress has decided to further abandon the control of the allocation of economic resources and tighten the management of public administration. In one word, China has witnessed a trend to rationalize the allocation of economic power step by step. During the process, the nation has to face a tricky problem -- how to balance the control and relaxation of economic power. Due to the insufficiency of credibility in China, the control and relaxation of power are challenged by the lack of order and of rule awareness among the people. According to the author, China should accelerate the building of spiritual civilization.