输血前不规则抗体筛查的临床意义

Clinical Significicance of Irregular Antibody Screening Before Blood Transfusion

目的探讨受血者进行不规则抗体检测,选择与受者相容的血液成分,保证临床输血安全。方法用微柱凝胶免疫检测技术筛查受血者红细胞血型不规则抗体。结果 116594例血清标本中检出不规则抗体354例,阳性率为0.304%,其中慢性贫血患者(主要为血液病及肿瘤患者)不规则抗体阳性率为0.432%,非慢性贫血患者不规则抗体阳性率为0.263%。在354例不规则抗体阳性者中,有孕产史者288例(288/354),占81.36%,无孕产史者66例,占18.64%。结论输血前检测ABO系统以外的血型抗体,是安全输血的必要手段。

Objective To detect irregular antibodies to choose blood constituent compatible with recipient and eventually ensure clinical trandfusion security. Methods Samples of blood recipients were screened for irregular eryth- rocyte antibodies by microcolumn gel immunoassay. Results The irregular antibodies were detected in 354 cases from 116594 patients, and the positive rate was 0.304%. Among them, patients with chronic anemia （mainly for the blood dis- ease and tumor）, the positive rate of irregular antibodies was 0.432%, in contrast patients with non chronic anemia the positive rate of irregular antibodies was 0.263%. Among the 354 cases of irregular antibody positive patients, 288 cases of them have pregnancy history the positive rate was 81.36%. The rest of them,that was 66 cases, with no pregnancy his- tory, the positive rate was 18.64%. Conclusion Detecting blood group antibodies except for ABO system supply tech- nical guarantee for transfusion in time and is indispensable to guarantee safe transfusion.