海藻酸钙敷料对大鼠创面愈合影响的组织学研究

A histological study of the wound healing process after using calcium alginate as a dressing in rats

目的:探讨海藻酸钙敷料对大鼠创面愈合的影响。方法:48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为实验组和对照组,每组24只。制作大鼠背部全层皮肤缺损模型,在创面局部以海藻酸钙敷料(实验组)或干棉纱布(对照组)包扎,观察伤后3、7、14 d创面愈合率的变化;于伤后3、7、14 d取创面组织,石蜡包埋、切片、分别行HE和Masson染色,计算血管横断面面积与肉芽组织面积的比值、肉芽组织厚度和胶原蛋白含量(胶原面积与创面面积比值)。结果:术后第3天时实验组大鼠较对照组创面愈合率明显增加(P<0.05)。术后第3天实验组与对照组肉芽组织厚度[分别为(1 540.0±118.5)μm和(1 504.6±131.8)μm,P>0.05]和新生肉芽组织血管面积与肉芽组织面积之比[分别为0.118±0.007和0.113±0.007,P>0.05)差异均无显著性,但术后3 d实验组胶原蛋白面积较对照组明显增多[分别为(45.7±5.3)%和(11.6±2.5)%,P<0.05];术后第7天实验组以上指标均高于对照组(P<0.05),第14天时这种趋势依然存在(P<0.05)。结论:海藻酸钙能提高伤口皮肤组织内的胶原蛋白含量,加速创面肉芽组织形成,促进伤口的愈合。

Objective：To evaluate the effect of calcium alginate on wound healing process of rats.Methods;Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group（each n=24）.A full-thickness skin wound was produced on rat＇s back,and it was covered with calcium alginate dressing（experimental group） or dry ordinary gauze（control group）.The healing rate of the wound was compared 3,7,14 days after these production of the wound.At the same time the wound tissue was obtained for examination.HE and Masson staining were used to evaluate the ratio of cross section area of vessels in the newly formed granulation to area of granulation,the thickness of granulation tissue,and the contents of collagen（the ratio of area of collagen to area of wound） within wound area.Results：The healing rate of the wound in experiment group was accelerated compared with that in control group on day 3（P〈0.05）.There was no statistically significant difference in the thickness of granulation tissue[（1540.0±118.5）μm vs.（1504.6±131.8）μm,P〉0.05],and the ratio of area of blood vessels in newly formed granulation tissue to area of granulation tissue[（0.118±0.007）vs.（0.113±0.007）,P〉0.05]were found between two groups on the 3rd day.However the area of collagen protein in experimental group was increased significantly compared to control group[（45.7±5.3）%vs.（11.6±2.5）%,P〈0.05]3 days after wounding.The above indicators were higher in experiment group than those of the control group on the 7th postoperative day（all P〈0.05）,and the condition was still present on the 14 th postoperative day（all P〈0.05）.Conclusions：Calcium alginate can promote wound healing by increasing the collagen content and accelerating the formation of granulation tissue.