阻燃剂PTA的制备以及在腈纶上的应用研究

Application in Polyacrylonitrile Fiber and Synthesis of PTA Intumescent Flame Retardants

以季戊四醇磷酸酯(PEPA)、三乙醇胺(TEA)为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,甲苯为带水剂,合成了多组分膨胀型阻燃剂(PTA).以腈纶织物的垂直燃烧损毁炭长为考察指标,考察了三乙醇胺与季戊四醇磷酸酯的质量比、反应时间、催化剂用量、阻燃剂浓度、焙烘温度、焙烘时间等因素对织物损毁炭长的影响.确定了最佳反应条件:m(TEA)m(PEPA)=1.7 1,催化剂用量为季戊四醇磷酸酯和三异丙醇胺总质量的1%,反应温度为136℃,反应时间4 h;在阻燃剂浓度为250 g·L-1、150℃的条件下焙烘2 min,阻燃腈纶织物的阻燃效果显著,达到B1级.

Novel intumescent flame retardants PTA was synthesized from PEPA and TEA, with p-TSA as catalyst, toluene as dehydrating agent. The vertical burning damaged length of polyacrylonitrile fiber as investigation index, the effects of reaction conditions, such as mass ratio of TEA to PEPA, reaction time, p-TSA catalyst dosage were examined, flame retardant concentrations, baking tempera-ture, baking time. The optimum esterification reaction conditions were as follows ： mass ratio, m （TEA） ： m （PEPA） = 1.7 ： 1 ; p-TSA as catalyst dosage, 1% （ mass of catalyst relative to total mass of PEPA and TEA ; eaction temperature, 136 ℃ ; reaction time, 4h. The results showed that the optimum finishing conditions were as follows; flame retardant concentrations,250 g · L-l; baking temperature, 150 ℃; baking time, 2 min. The retardant effect was remarkable, B1 level on finished cotton fabric.