无人机螺旋桨性能工程检验方法研究

Research on Checkout Method of UAV's Propeller

目前工程上采用地面状态检测转速的方法对无人机螺旋桨性能合格与否进行判断,但实际使用中该方法的效果并不理想。以螺旋桨地面发动机测试台检验转速结果为基础,采用风洞试验方法对同一型号不同批次的螺旋桨在实际飞行状态下的气动特性进行有效测量,同时利用飞行性能仿真方法,对同一无人机匹配参试螺旋桨后的飞行性能变化情况进行比较。结果表明:螺旋桨的效率、推力系数和功率系数等气动性能与地面检测转速值并没有直接关系,即发动机地面台架试验方法在螺旋桨性能检验中应该仅起到参考作用,而非决定性作用。

The method of measuring rotate speed with piston motor is used to judge the aerodynamic capability of manufactured propellers in engineering.But the method is not good in fact.Accordingly,in base of results of rotate speed measured by piston motor in ground condition,the aerodynamic characteristics of the same type of propeller in different velocities and rotate speeds,such as efficiency,thrust coefficient and power coefficient,are measured in low-speed wind tunnel test,and flight emulation method is used to compute flight capabilities of the same UAV after getting the test data.Results show that the efficiency,thrust coefficient and power coefficient of propeller are not directly in relation with the rotate speed measured in ground condition with piston motor by comparing the results in wind tunnel test and computation.Consequently,the method of measuring rotate speed with piston motor is not crucial but only referenced in checkout method of UAV＇s propeller.