合同制护士职业倦怠与压力应对方式的现状调查

Current Status Investigation of Contract Based Nurse's Job Burnout and Pressure Coping Style

目的了解北京大学肿瘤医院合同制护士工作倦怠和压力应对方式的现状,为肿瘤专科医院合同制护士职业压力的管理提供有效依据。方法采用Maslach职业倦怠量表和压力应对方式问卷对北京大学肿瘤医院261名合同制护士进行调查。结果 261名合同制护士存在一定职业倦怠现象,工作倦怠量表3个维度的得分均高于Maslach常模(均P<0.01);不同科室、护龄的合同制护士应对方式问卷的得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);合同制护士的情感衰竭(emotional exhaustion,EE)、去人格化(depersonalization,DP)维度与应对方式的退避、幻想和自责维度均呈正相关,与求助、合理化及解决问题维度均呈负相关(均P<0.05);个人成就感降低(reduced personal accomplishiment,PA)维度与退避、幻想和自责维度均呈负相关,与求助、合理化及解决问题维度均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。结论医院管理者应针对合同制护士的特点,制定较为完善的合同制护士考核制度,提供良好的工作环境,以促进其身心健康。

Objective To understand the current status of contract based nurse’s job burnout levels and coping styles in Peking Cancer Hospital,and to provide the basis for effective management of occupational stress.Methods By using Maslach job burnout scale and pressure coping style questionnaire to investigate 261 nurses employed under contract of Peking Cancer Hospitals.Results All 261 nurses had certain level of job burnout,the score of the 3 dimension of job burnout scale were higher than normal Maslach （all P〈0.01）.There were statistic significance of score of coping style questionnaire between contract nurses in different department and working years （all P〈0.05）.The EE and DP dimension were positively correlated with withdraw,fantasy and self blaming dimension,and negatively correlated with seek help and reasonable and problem solving dimension （all P〈0.05）.Reduced PA dimension was negatively correlated with with-draw,fantasy and self blaming dimension,and positively correlated with seek help and reasonable and prob-lem solving dimension （all P〈0.05）.Conclusion Hospital management should come up with a more per-fect assessment system based on the characteristic of contract based nurses,and provide good working envi-ronment to promote their health in both mental and physical.