水电站阻抗式受力复杂调压井设计

The Design of Complex Stress Impedance Surge Shaft of Hydropower Stations

引水式水电站中的调压井在系统稳定运行中起着重要作用。针对低水头、大流量、长距离引水隧洞的水电站,通过水力学、传统结构力学和有限元三种方法对简单式、阻抗式和带上室的简单式三种调压井形式进行计算比选。结果表明:阻抗式调压井具有经济性、波动衰减快、水头损失小、结构简单、施工方便等优点;对于稳定断面大、井筒高、体形多变及受力复杂的调压井,采用结构力学法和有限元法进行调压井计算,阻抗式调压井的受力较小,整体稳定,选用阻抗式调压井是合理的。因此,此方法具有的理论意义与工程实践价值。

The surge shaft of diversion type hydropower stations plays an important role in the stability of the system .Re-garding to the hydropower stations with large flow ,low water head and long distance diversion tunnel ,the simple type , impedance type and the simple type with upper room surge shafts were calculated and compared by adopting hydraulic method ,traditional structural mechanics method and finite element method .The results showed that ：Impedance surge shaft had the advantages of economy ,fast wave decay ,small water head loss ,simple structure and convenient construc-tion ;For a surge shaft with large stable section area ,high shaft ,complex shape and complex stress ,through the calcula-tion of structural mechanics method and finite element method ,it was drawn that the impedance surge shaft suffered less stress ,and remained stable on the whole .Therefore ,the selection of impedance surge shaft is reasonable ,and the appli-cation of this shaft has theoretical significance and practical value .