软骨下骨与骨性关节炎病变的发生发展:从基础研究到临床治疗

Subchondral bone in occurrence and development of osteoarthritis: from fundamental research to clinical therapy

骨性关节炎(OA)是软骨与骨的退行性变过程。软骨下骨是构成关节结构和功能的基本单位之一,维持软骨正常结构和功能。在复杂应力和生物学作用下,OA软骨下骨的重塑和结构改变使软骨承受更高的应力。软骨下骨内血管生成和结构病变扩大了骨软骨异常交流途径,软骨下骨产生的代谢调节因子通过异常生物学交流直接促进软骨退变。研究软骨下骨内细胞及其变化,血管生成与骨软骨间生物学交流,揭示软骨下骨重塑和结构变化特点,探寻改善骨重塑治疗方法,将有利于延缓OA病变进展,有效防治OA。

Osteoarthritis（ OA） is characterized by not only damaged articular cartilage,but also changes in subchondral bone. In addition to being one of main components keeping joint structure and function,subchondral bone plays an important role in maintaining healthy cartilage,in structure and function,through mechanical mutual support and biological information exchange. In OA,it may make cartilage bear abnormal force for subchondral bone remodeling and subsequent structural change. Moreover,the angiogenesis and structural change of subchondral bone enlarge possible pathway for abnormal exchange between bone and cartilage. Therefore,metabolism factors from subchondral bone can promote cartilage degeneration. A further exploration on subchondral bone,including cellular and structural change,angiogenesis,biological exchange between bone and cartilage,subchondral bone remodeling and therapeutic approachs,will provide a great help for the research and therapy of OA.