组成班子赛花儿仪式与西北多民族地区的社会管理——以甘南藏族自治州临潭县为例

The Ceremony of Huaer Match and the Social Management in Multi-ethnic Regions of the Northwest China——Taking Lintan in South Gansu as an Example

由"串把式"参与并导演的多人组成演唱班子赛花儿的仪式,其班子内部构成了简单、高效的"串把式"—"把式"间的二级制运行模式。观察洮岷型花儿的演唱中心地之一临潭县多民族村落的传统管理,发现其组成了一个在政府宏观调控下的村长—"俄拉"之间的二级管理制社会。依据民歌与社会的互动关系论,可知组班子赛花儿的管理方式,是西北多民族地区日常社会管理模式的凝练与再现。近年,随着西部多民族地区社会转型步伐的加快,传统的乡村二级管理制已难适应新的经济社会发展要求,急需形成新型的政府—村长—"俄拉"三级制村落管理模式。而且,社会转型也使花儿传承与发展面临很大的困境,急需完成自身的转型以适应社会发展之需。

The ceremony participated and directed by ＂Chuan Ba Shi＂ and a few people forms concert team to match Huaer, there is a simple and efficient secondary system operating mode composited by＂Chuan Ba Shi＂ and ＂Ba Shi＂ inside the team. We can find that there is a secondary management system Society under the government＇s macro-control between the village head and ＂E La＂ by observing the traditional management of multi-ethnic villages in Lintan which is one of the center area where mainly sings Huaer in Zhaomin type. On the basis of the interaction between folk and society, we can see the management used in team match Huaer is the concise and reproduction of the everyday social management mode in the muhi-ethnic regions of the northwest China. In recent years, with the social transformation accelerates in the multi-ethnic region in western area, the traditional rural secondary management system has been difficult to adapt to the new requirements of economic and social development, there is an urgent need to form a new government - village head -＂E La＂ three levels village management system model. Moreover, the social transformation also make the heritage and development of Huaer facing great difficulties, the urgent need to complete their transformation to adapt to the need of social development.