两亲高分子对超微滤膜的高性能化改性及应用

Fundamental and application of amphiphilic copolymers in high performance MF/UF membranes

为提高分子超微滤膜材料的亲水性、抗污染性能、通量和寿命,降低膜材料制造成本,提出两亲高分子共混改性聚偏氟乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚醚砜膜材料的基础与应用技术研究。研究中,从分子结构设计出发,采用多种活性聚合法合成了一系列具有不同组成和序列结构的两亲高分子,研究了不同组成与序列结构的两亲高分子在成膜过程中的表面富集的规律、两亲高分子在共混膜中的稳定化机制等基础问题;从成膜热力学和动力学出发实现了共混膜多层次微结构的调控,开发出多种两亲高分子合成及其共混超滤膜制备的技术,实现了膜材料规模化生产及其在自来水净化、废水处理及医疗过滤等领域的应用。

To produce high performance polymer microfiltration/ultrafiltration （MF/UF） membranes with lower production cost,the amphiphilic copolymers and their corresponding blend membrane were presented and investigated. A series of amphiphilic copolymers with dif-ferent compositions and sequence structures were synthesized via living radical polymerization. The synthesized copolymers were blended into various membranes via phase inversion process. It was found that,during the phase inversion process,amphiphilic copolymer migrated sponta-neously to the membrane surface,resulting the enrichment of hydrophilic components in sur-face layer. This hydrophilic layer provided the membranes with improved hydrophilicity and fouling resistance. Meanwhile,the better compatibility between polymer base and hydrophobic components prevented the loss of amphiphilic copolymers in real application of the blend mem-branes. Based on the fundamental in structures and properties of the blend membranes,large-scale preparation of amphiphilic polymers and corresponding MF/UF blend membranes were achieved. The produced blend microporous membranes have been widely used in various areas including water purification,wastewater treatment and medical filtering,etc.