2003—2012年兰州市孕产妇和儿童系统管理状况分析

Analysis on Maternal and Child Systems Management Situation of Lanzhou from 2003 to 2012

目的通过对兰州市孕产妇和儿童系统管理状况进行分析,探讨推进兰州市妇幼卫生管理工作,进一步提高管理绩效的对策。方法收集兰州市2003—2010年妇幼卫生年报数据,分析孕产妇系统管理率、3岁以下儿童系统管理率和7岁以下儿童保健覆盖率等保健指标,以及婴儿死亡率、孕产妇死亡率和5岁以下儿童死亡率等核心指标。采用单因素线性相关、卡方趋势性检验等统计推断。结果 2003—2012年期间,兰州市孕产妇系统管理率、孕产妇住院分娩率、3岁以下儿童系统管理率及7岁以下儿童保健覆盖率都呈现上升趋势,经卡方趋势检验均有统计学意义,即随年度增加而增加的线性趋势,且城乡之间的差距逐年缩小。孕产妇系统管理与母乳喂养之间呈正相关,即随着孕产妇系统管理率的逐年增加,母乳喂养率也随之上升;孕早期检查率与新生儿死亡率之间呈负相关,即随着孕早期检查率的增加,新生儿死亡率随之下降。结论兰州市近10年的妇女和儿童保健系统管理逐渐完善,有效地降低了孕产妇死亡率和儿童死亡率。今后应拓宽保健服务内涵,进一步提高服务质量。

OBJECTIVE To explore ways to promote maternal and child health management work and further to improve management performance through analyzing maternal and child systems management situation of Lanzhou. METHODS The data from Maternal and Child Health annual report from 2003 to 2010 of Lanzhou were collected, and analyzing maternal system management rate, children under 3 system management rate, coverage rate of children health care management at 7 years old and below, infant mortality, ma- ternal mortality, mortality of children under 5, and so on. The method of univariate linear correlation and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS In the period 2003--2012, the maternal system management rate, maternal hospital delivery rate, children under 3 system management rate and coverage rate of children health care management at 7 years old and below of Lanzhou were on the rise. They were statistically significant by chi-square test. That was to say, it showed that linear trend increase with the annual increase, and the gap between urban and rural areas reduced year by year. There was a significantly positive correlation be- tween maternal system management and breastfeeding, that was, the breastfeeding rate increased with the maternal system manage- ment rate; but there was a negative correlation between early detection of maternal and neonatal mortality rate, the neonatal mortali- ty rate decreased with early maternal detection rate increased. CONCLUSIONS Maternal and children＇s health system management gradually improved in Lanzhou, and maternal mortality and child mortality were reduced effectively. In the future, it should broaden the content of health care services, and further improve service quality.